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in order to create warmth. It was not clear whether he should keep his clothes on, his shoes and gloves, or whether he should take his clothing off -- in order to move more easily. All those questions had not been clarified. Thereupon, I received permission to visit all aviators, who had fallen into the sea and been re... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,070,000 | 2,070,500 |
records of Milch's statement, that is to say, Hippke's testimony in the Milch trial, I will submit to the Court as soon as it has been certified by the Secretary General. As I mentioned yesterday, I've asked for this to be done. Hippke says in the record that he had earmarked Weltz for those Dachau experiments because ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,070,450 | 2,070,950 |
1941. This new suggestion was that cold experiments should be carried out in Dachau. QNow, why did you decline to take part in the freezing experiments whereas you approved the low pressure experiments of Ruff? AFirst of all there would not have been a possibility of carrying out these cold experiments in Dachau under ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,070,900 | 2,071,400 |
conference, two delegates turned up sent by Holzloehner who asked my associate Weltz to carry out oxygen tests with certain apparatus which we had at the institute. Weltz asked the men why they needed it. They said that they were not allowed to give any details about the experiments. Weltz refused to determine the oxyg... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,071,350 | 2,071,850 |
attitude. Then he writes, "Through the OKW Weltz is trying to get captured Russians as subjects for his experiments. Human experiments conducted outside of camp do not seem expedient to me." How Rascher comes to make this assertion that we were trying to get captured Russians through the OKW I don't know. The never eve... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,071,800 | 2,072,300 |
he informed Himmler about every detail. I believe that Rascher would have been just the man to use that authority which he had been given in this Document 1609-PS; similarly he is supposed to have done something against his father, but I don't know the details about that. QApart from the fact that Holzloehner's delegat... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,072,250 | 2,072,750 |
listened to Holzloehner's lecture, and Rascher additional remark subsequently, but to nothing else. QNow could one deduce from Holzloehner's lecture that there were fatalities in the Dachau experiments? AOf course I listened carefully to Holzloehner's lecture and one could read between the lines that Holzloehner had re... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,072,700 | 2,073,200 |
was extremely illchosen. He made that in a trifling form, which we all considered a serious lack of tact. DR. WILLE:If it please the Court, may I point out here briefly that there is an affidavit at the disposal of the Court of Professor Knothe which refers to the discussion which these people had after Rascher's and H... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,073,150 | 2,073,650 |
it will be Weltz Exhibit No.8. Dr. Weltz, will you please tell the Court what is significant, and now far the charges of the Prosecution are justified? A.The lecture deals with re-warming after dangerous cooling. May I point jut once more that "cooling" or "chilling" means the general chilling of the body, for example,... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,073,600 | 2,074,100 |
with this only briefly--that cold damages the organs, that the heart is affected mainly, that the human being dies because the heart is affected by the cold. Our opinion, which we believe has been proved in the meantime, is that we could snow that cold does not damage the organs, the cold merely paralyzes the organs an... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,074,050 | 2,074,550 |
of conclusions which we had not investigated at all and which we could not have investigated because these conclusions could be drawn only from experiments with human beings and not with animals. THE PRESIDENT:The Tribunal will now be in recess. (A recess was taken.) THE MARSHAL:The Tribunal is again in session. BY DR.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,074,500 | 2,075,000 |
but these 95 people died because there was no one in the train who knew what to do and knew how dangerous death by cold is. I only wish what we discovered may be spread and disseminated as soon as possible so that such things may be prevented in the future. QMr. President, to illustrate what the witness has just said, ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,074,950 | 2,075,450 |
we spoke with each other. I may repeat it happened four times. First of all, 1938, at the X-ray Congress that I was chairman of; secondly, the second time in 1940. I remember very well that I delivered a lecture regarding the effects of altitude, and the duties of the aviation doctor who was in charge. This was in Brus... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,075,400 | 2,075,900 |
state his opinion on it. Then Holzloehner returned the paper and in substantiation of his opinion pointed out things in Holzloehner's report. We looked up this report since we were very interested in this particularly, particularly since at the Nurnberg Conference I had seen Holzloehner and it was ascertained that the ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,075,850 | 2,076,350 |
only a vague relation to the ancient Hippocratic oath. At the University at which I studied it was not customary that persons take such an oath when they were being graduated, but these new formulations of the oath are based on the general principle of "nil nocere", and I believe also that in discussions with laymen th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,076,300 | 2,076,800 |
made. I think this is essentially illogical. I personally am of the opinion that in experimental medicine of the innumerable papers and works that we use here only partially and accidentally totally a new international standard will be developed as to what is permissible, what is held to be of a dubious nature and what... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,076,750 | 2,077,250 |
the discussion in Munich, we assumed regarding the experimental subjects what Rascher always told us, and which was to be read in the letter from Himmler, which he showed us at that time, our assumption was that these were legally condemned criminals, not political prisoners, that these persons were to volunteer, and t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,077,200 | 2,077,700 |
by the discussions with Prokowsky, but whether these were persons condemned to death or people with long terms there was no distinction drawn between them. I believe that it was the general notion that we just had to draw a distinction here in regard to the dangerousness of the experiment. I am referring now to the dis... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,077,650 | 2,078,150 |
that a well-known criminologist had read to me and had concerned himself with the theory of protective custody. The book is by Heindl and is entitled "The Habitual Criminal" and there is a statement of when and under what circumstances protective custody is permissible so that I had good knowledge of this as a layman. ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,078,100 | 2,078,600 |
in Dachau. QUpon what date did you understand that Rascher's official connections with you or your institute was severed? AI figured out more or less as follows: On the 19th of February as it can be seen, from Frau Rascher's letter, an inquiry was directed to the Reichsfuehrer SS and, at this time or shortly thereafter... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,078,550 | 2,079,050 |
in Boulogne, and I took these trips in order to look these people up individually and ask them what their experiences had been. QYou stated that you experimented on animals. Who gave you this permission, or who directed you to make these animal experiments? AWithin the frame work of my general research work in connecti... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,079,000 | 2,079,500 |
you misunderstood me. I mean the following: If Rascher had not left you, you were to have supervisory control over Rascher in these experiments on rescue from great altitudes, because he then would still have belonged to your institute? AYes. QThrough the fact that Romberg was to assist in these experiments, did this f... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,079,450 | 2,079,950 |
Dachau the situation was generally held secret only in the first steps when it was being developed. Then after the experiments were concluded, they were declared perfectly open, or parts of them were made public, because these results had somehow to be made generally known. That is why we had the experiments. In other ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,079,900 | 2,080,400 |
this matter whether at this time you spoke with Professor Becker-Freyseng on these experiments. A.No, I did not. Q.You also said that from your institute inquiry was made at the medical inspectorate regarding the final report of Rascher and Hoelzlohner on these cold experiments. Can you remember that? A.Yes, Lutz told ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,080,350 | 2,080,850 |
read a paper. I may assume that you also spoke at the other conferences. Therefore, I want to ask you, did you have to show the manuscript of your paper to the Medical Inspectorate beforehand, or did you just tell them the subject and general contents? A.If you wanted to read a paper at such a conference, you informed ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,080,800 | 2,081,300 |
an unpleasant fact that we couldn't buy anything, not even a pencil or an eraser, but could only buy it on account. For this reason I had a research assignment given to me. This meant that we received some ready cash; and I chose as the subject for this research assignment any old subject that we were working on anyway... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,081,250 | 2,081,750 |
it was, I went to the Moosburg Camp. I stayed in Moosburg until the 6th of December 1945. The 6th of December 1945, I was transferred to Dachau. QWhat was the reason why you were placed under arrest at that time in July 1945? AI never learned that. QWere you in the automatic arrest category because of your rank? AI was... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,081,700 | 2,082,200 |
us as a scientist who was interested in our work. He asked us about our work. We had previously been visited by some aviation medical commissions and we showed Professor Alexander what he was interested in. It was no interrogation. Professor Alexander did not represent himself as an investigator but he presented himsel... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,082,150 | 2,082,650 |
any one else with whom he knew, and he was again quite positive in denying the question." Now, what was your reason for not informing Dr. Alexander about your knowledge of work by Rascher? DR. WILLE:Mr. President, may I object. I hear that Professor Alexander is here in the building, and he can appear as a witness. Sin... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,082,600 | 2,083,100 |
inform Dr. Alexander about that work on the human beings, didn't you? A.I already said that I gave Professor Alexander all the files completely we had preserved except what were burned in Munich, which were not of interest to Dr. Alexander. I had reason not to tell anything unless I was asked directly for the following... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,083,050 | 2,083,550 |
A.May I correct what you just said. Two expert commissions had visited us before that time, Aviation Medical experts, and I gave these two commissions all our studies published and what had not been published as yet. We showed these gentlemen all our films; we made all our files available to them, and also we gave them... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,083,500 | 2,084,000 |
7 and your Institute? A.No. In scientific things we had nothing to do with the Luftgau, except in the rare cases when the Luftgau called upon us, for example, in the training course which Rascher writes of. In such cases we were called upon to help in the projects of the Luftgau, but the Luftgau had no influence on our... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,083,950 | 2,084,450 |
Singer was mentioned? A.I'll answer your first question first. Professor Singer in his civilian position was a pathologist at Schwabing-Hospital. During the war he continued with this work, and at the same time he was a pathologist in Luftgau 7. Q.In Luftgau 7? A.In Luftgau 7. I personally had nothing whatever to do wi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,084,400 | 2,084,900 |
Rascher and Holzloehner and Finke at Dachau, and apparently he refused to collaborate when he heard of the nature of the experiments, and being a pathologist, he must have known very well that deaths would occur or they wouldn't need his services, so consequently he would have no part of it. Now, I would like to now ju... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,084,850 | 2,085,350 |
Germans at that time that it was a decisive struggle to decide which of the two armed parties would get control of Germany. In 1932, in Germany, we had three armed parties and these three armed parties all had their own party army, or their own party guard, and they fought each other. With power that surprised no, the ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,085,300 | 2,085,800 |
war became more and more senseless, from 1941 on at the latest, my attitude toward the party became more hostile and in the last years it was definitely antagonistic. Now, for a man in my position without special connections, without special information, it was rather difficult to do anything, not only because things w... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,085,750 | 2,086,250 |
for peace, weren't you? AAt that time I consideredAdolf Hitler an important politician who had the aim of the United States of Europe and was taking up against a tradition which had failed with Napoleon. We realized that the split of Europe into many small countries in relation to the large spaces of America and Russia... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,086,200 | 2,086,700 |
shortly before the talk with Hippke that Kottenhof told me about it for the first time, but I certainly did not hear of it after. I assume that this was May when Rascher was taking this course. I knew nothing about it. QWell, now where did Rascher take this course? AWhen? QWhere, where? A The course was in the building... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,086,650 | 2,087,150 |
had reported the results of these tests at this course at Luftgau 7. QWell, now, let's go on. How did Hippke happen to come into the picture? What was this conference in June 1941 wherein the occasion arose for a discussion concerning experiments on inmates of a concentration camp; first of all where was the meeting? A... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,087,100 | 2,087,600 |
you had an institute and were an expert in this field, did Hippke ask you "Professor Weltz, is it necessary to resort to concentration camps in order to conduct these experiments?" ANo, he didn't ask me that. The purpose of the conversation was the fact that Rascher had approached Kottenhof, had made this offer and the... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,087,550 | 2,088,050 |
them up to standard to use them? Didn't Hippke have something to say along those lines? AAll I can say about that, Kottenhof asked Hippke to define his attitude about Rascher's offer. It wasn't that we were short of volunteers in the Luftwaffe. Rascher had made the offer to Kottenhof, and Hippke was, at Kottenhof's req... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,088,000 | 2,088,500 |
would carry out experiments at Dachau that necessitated you inviting Dr. Ruff and Dr. Romberg to collaborate with Rascher and yourself, now when did this take place? A In the course of the summer Rascher himself came to me and proposed to me, as I have described, to try out this slow ascent. I also described how this p... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,088,450 | 2,088,950 |
forschung der Luftwaffe.) QNow is that your organization? AAt that time, on 15 May the institute for aviation medicine had not come into existence. It was founded in the autumn. At that time I was the head of the Testing Station four, which I described in detail. QThis testing station here, that is referred to here, th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,088,900 | 2,089,400 |
AIn 1944, but that chamber was never completed, and was never used. QHowever, from 1938 until 1944 you always had a low pressure chamber available? AFor all practical purposes, there was only the Munich low pressure chamber which was used, and it was used since 1938, I believe, up to the point when it was burned. Q.I s... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,089,350 | 2,089,850 |
matters, and you have volunteered the information to us that it wasn't necessary to discuss it because we could have gotten all the volunteers we wanted to, but this was merely a manner in which Kottenhoff wanted to present this proposal to Hippke for consideration. Now you made the statement: We can get all the volunt... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,089,800 | 2,090,300 |
your experiments right here. It would have avoided all this confusion, wouldn't it, and you could have seen what went on in these experiments, because you wouldn't have had to have a pass to get into a concentration camp, isn't that true? A.No, this is not true, because first of all our low pressure chamber was unsuita... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,090,250 | 2,090,750 |
Rascher wanted somebody to collaborate with him, what did you go up there for? Did you have a vision suddenly and decide he wanted to have some experiments and say to Ruff: Do you want to collaborate with Rascher I will assign you to him? Didn't you have some sort of a meeting with Rascher beforehand and have some sort... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,090,700 | 2,091,200 |
did he make to you after he became your subordinate in November 1941? A.When in November 1941 he became my subordinate and when I had turned down his first proposal, he then, as I said before, he then made a proposal to me for the cold experiments to be carried out in Dachau, and that I also turned down, as I said befo... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,091,150 | 2,091,650 |
and, thereupon, I proposed to Ruff to have his experiments carried out on the basis of Rascher's permission in Dachau. Surely I described this all in detail, and Ruff did too. Q Now, I have listened with great interest to what you have just said. Do you want to think for about one minute and confirm to the Tribunal tha... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,091,600 | 2,092,100 |
collaboration occurred. Q And, in the event that you had not offered this to Ruff and Romberg; then Ruff and Romberg would not be in this dock today; would they? AI assume so. Q Well, now, the hurdle I am trying to get over is that Mr. Lutz says you offered it to him. Of course; you deny that. And he refused; and gives... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,092,050 | 2,092,550 |
rather rarely - it was always on the point that Lutz used his elbows too ruthlessly. Later on, he had a difference with our charwoman, and when I sent him on an assignment he had arguments when he misbehaved rather awkwardly with the Gauleiter and I had to rescue him from a very heavy difference of opinion with the Gau... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,092,500 | 2,093,000 |
stand. MR. HARDY: May it please the Tribunal, I may be able to help you here. I don't know the status of Pfannmueller right now. The Doctor does. But I turned Pfannmueller over to the German courts for trial some two months ago and I don't know whether he has departed from Nurnberg yet. They are proceeding very rapidly... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,092,950 | 2,093,450 |
one of the purposes of this meeting was to acquaint Ruff and Romberg with Rascher. QNow, after the meeting had assembled I presume that you had one or two stops to consider. First of all, did the four of you discuss the necessity for the experiments, bearing in mind, of course, that all four of you were familiar with t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,093,400 | 2,093,900 |
volunteers played such a great role with Rascher all of a sudden, because Rascher realized from his discussion with Kottenhoff that the question of the subjects' being volunteers was very important. Otherwise, of course, I do not know how these letters cane about nor just what happened between Rascher and Himmler. QNow... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,093,850 | 2,094,350 |
then called back to life -then you will grant them a pardon to be put in a concentration camp for life. Now that's the only instance wherein we see the "pardon" clause coming forth, isn't it? AI don't know whether what Rascher told us always was the same as what he discussed with Himmler. I can only say what Rascher to... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,094,300 | 2,094,800 |
laid down that the subjects should be volunteers, particularly since Rascher had to know that the question of their being volunteers was a very important point to us. QNow, Doctor, at this same meeting in January 1942, the question of the use of the low-pressure chamber arose, and, I assume, it was agreed that Ruff and... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,094,750 | 2,095,250 |
two sorts of secrecy, and two rules on secrecy. QWell, now, Doctor, you state that in the Himmler letter he merely stated that the subjects to be used must be volunteers, that he gave no particulars, nor did he not set forth any regulations for the selection thereof. Hence, it follows that Ruff, Romberg, Rascher, and W... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,095,200 | 2,095,700 |
the concentration camp commandant. But above all, the man must be healthy; the man must volunteer; he must be warned of the hazards of the experiments; we must thoroughly discuss these experiments with each inmate to be used so that we will be sure that he will cooperate in the manner that Kottenhoff has elaborately ou... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,095,650 | 2,096,150 |
so that you would be able to ascertain whether or not you could use them? A.No. That was decided on later. Q.You mean any man who volunteered would be of use to you if he was healthy? A.He had to meet certain requirements, and we knew Himmler's order which Schnitzler communicated to the camp commander in our presence. ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,096,100 | 2,096,600 |
out that even for this different group..... Q.Ruff never talked to one of these subjects. What do you mean, Ruff testified at length? He never spoke to one. You never spoke to one, and Romberg could remember the names of only two or three, maybe four. Who did speak to these people? Rascher? Did you leave it up to Rasch... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,096,550 | 2,097,050 |
whatever you wish me to do. You are instructing me. And then you say to me, "Mr. Hardy, if you don't follow instructions, you will die. If you do follow instructions, nothing will harm you. You will be perfectly all right." Now, don't you suppose that one Mr. Hardy will conduct himself in a manner in that chamber where... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,097,000 | 2,097,500 |
you found in you experience along these lines that sometimes you use a subject once and you find that you cannot use him again? That must occur quite often. ASpreading the experimental subjects out over a long period of time was done, as Ruff also said, not because the experimental subjects were exhausted nor because t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,097,450 | 2,097,950 |
would be a very important problem in aviation medicine, inasmuch as you could then just take low-pressure chambers and march your pilots into them and keep them in there so long each day, for a period of thirty or forty days, and then they could go and fly and it wouldn't have as much effect on them. How long can you u... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,097,900 | 2,098,400 |
it would be necessary, if you were going to conduct a large number of experiments, to have perhaps a suitable number of subjects available, wouldn't it? If, for instance, you were going to conduct one hundred experiments, and you were going to conduct that one hundred experiments in a period of one month - do you follo... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,098,350 | 2,098,850 |
experiment. QWould that be the best thing to do? AThis solution would have both advantages and disadvantages. It would doubtless have the advantage that there would be no adaptation to high altitude. On the other hand, it has certain advantages for an experiment you can form some medical opinion as regards any one pers... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,098,800 | 2,099,300 |
volunteer or something like that. Then you'd have to determine how many you would need available. Would you say you could use 5 men for 100 experiments to be performed in one month and use them safely and get good results? In other words bear in mind that man has to go through an experiment each day, pretty near, in ot... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,099,250 | 2,099,750 |
10 March, from 10 March to 31 March, you have approximately 20 days, the month of April which is approximately 30 or 31 days, and you have 20 days in May, so you have there a total of some 70 days, which is less than two and a half months, in a period of two and a half months you performed nearly 300 experiments on 7 t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,099,700 | 2,100,200 |
course of a month as 25, or 20 experiments in two months, would that have anything to do with it? A. Let me clear this up. Adaptation to high altitude is not an injury to one's health, but it is a reaction which is sometimes deliberately induced, by sending people to the mountains, for example. It has nothing to do wit... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,100,150 | 2,100,650 |
things continued as far as I was concerned. I heard nothing more about the progress of the experiments. Rascher was in Schongau and that was the reason why I asked Rascher through the letter him to report on what was going on. Rascher told me that he was still in Schongau, that the experiments in Dachau hadn't started ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,100,600 | 2,101,100 |
to a prisoner; he decides quite freely whether or not he is going to sign. He can make many other decisions, just as he can make that decision. I was asked in the camp whether I was willing to do a number of things which of course arose from the fact that I was imprisoned. Had I not been imprisoned, nobody would have t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,101,050 | 2,101,550 |
certain duties. Well, now, when you had this meeting, and Rascher showed you the authority of Himmler to use criminals for experiments: didn't it occur to you that the pardon would be perhaps allowing a criminal who, as you say, was legally condemned, to then return to society and mingle therein? Didn't that element cr... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,101,500 | 2,102,000 |
what was that conversation? Would you repeat it for me, please? AI remember the following: Schnitzler first informed Pyrkowsky about Himmler's general order. Then we explained the extent of the experiments to Pyrkowsky -- what it was all about. And I am sure that he was given an approximate figure. Then Pyrkowsky consi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,101,950 | 2,102,450 |
disagreement with him? Now, as of the time you left Dachau in January when you visited the concentration camp commandant and made arrangements for the performance of the experiments, that is, the technical arrangement at that time when you went to the concentration camp with Ruff and Romberg, that is, Ruff was Romberg'... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,102,400 | 2,102,900 |
when, what date, approximately the 1st of February? AI conclude from Document No. 284 that the last conversation took place at the end of February, or at the beginning of March; the two preceding times that Rascher came to see me were also a half a week earlier. QWell, then you ordered Rascher to report to you twice a ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,102,850 | 2,103,350 |
days later. Well, then, he had started the experiments on 22nd of February, did he report to you the second time before or after he had started the experiments, do you know? AI never learned that. I can not tell you anything about that. QHe reported to you for the second time, about the 22nd of February, or the 23rd of... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,103,300 | 2,103,800 |
with Anthony took place during the first days of March. Q.After that period of time Rascher was no longer your subordinate? A.No, that eliminated him very clearly. Q.Then you were no longer connected with anything that Rascher did? A.No. Q.Well, now, you have drawn the Tribunal's attention to Document NO 264, which is ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,103,750 | 2,104,250 |
letter. There is mention made here of the branch office, Dachau, of the German Experimental Institute for Aviation. This is an agency which probably has not existed in this form, because I cannot imagine that there existed an experimental institute for aviation with a branch office at Dachau. Where this designation com... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,104,200 | 2,104,700 |
time she was at my institute they were already divorced. Q.Well, when did Miss Frick join your institute? A.That I can no longer tell you. I really don't know. Q.If Miss Frick said that she joined your institute on 15 April 1942, would you assume that that was about right? A.I can hardly check that. April 1942? Q.Yes. ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,104,650 | 2,105,150 |
so happened either in late April or early May you had broken your watch, or you didn't have a watch so that you could tell time, and do you recall asking Miss Frick for the loan of her watch so that when Rascher came you would be able to judge the time because you were so busy, and you were unable to spend too much tim... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,105,100 | 2,105,600 |
possibility altogether, don't you? AThe letter by Mrs. Nini Rascher dated the 24th of February could then hardly be explained. QI didn't ask the letter to be well explained, Doctor. We will explain that in argument. I am now asking you to think again, did you relieve Rascher from your command in March, or did you relie... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,105,550 | 2,106,050 |
subject. That has nothing whatsoever to do with the high-altitude experiments and therefore does not prove whether I at that time worked together with Rascher or not. That was a suggestion that Hippke made to Milch on his own initiative and was entirely independent of whether Rascher was working at my office or not. QI... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,106,000 | 2,106,500 |
have explained this sufficiently well enough, I think, and I want to give you another document to help you along so that you can explain it. Your name hasn't appeared in any other of these documents, you say, at this later date. Now, we are going to look at DocumentNO-1359, first offering it for identification as Prose... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,106,450 | 2,106,950 |
in the field of cold, and I already said here that I reportedly had asked for Holzloehner's report, because I was interested in. what was going on. Q.Well, now, were you conduction your animal experiments that are reported in your document book on which you reported upon at the Nurnberg conference in October; did you c... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,106,900 | 2,107,400 |
the war in I believe, 1945? A.Yes that is the place. Q.Dr. Alexander was unable to find the large tubs, wasn't he? A.Well, if Professor Alexander had told us that he was interested in seeing two large tubs I would have been glad to lead aim into the pigsty where these two tubs were and shown them to him. Q.What did you... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,107,350 | 2,107,850 |
experiments upon human beings? AI don't know the extent of Holzloehner's freezing experiments, that results can be achieved by using human beings that cannot be achieved by using animals was quite clear to me. That is a matter of course. QThen you were not completely opposed to conducting freezing experiments upon huma... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,107,800 | 2,108,300 |
way of comparison with small electrodes on the neck and head only in the region of the vital centres." When did you got this suggestion from Holzloehner? AThis suggestion was made to me by Holzloehner during the conference which I mentioned, which took place in Paris in the summer of 1941. Naturally, we discussed our m... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,108,250 | 2,108,750 |
series, that were discussed by Ruff and Romberg in Adlershof, outside of concentration camps? The prosecutor feels that experimenting in concentration camps could have been avoided. Now, give me a clear answer and tell me, would you have received the necessary number of experimental subjects, namely, 15, from the Luftw... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,108,700 | 2,109,200 |
asked Himmler whether he could permit such experiments, and from the moment on when Himmler permitted those experiments, Rascher had the duty as SS-man towards Himmler to make use of this permission that Himmler had accorded him. Reseller always occupied a dual position. On the one hand he was a Stabsarst of the Luftwa... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,109,150 | 2,109,650 |
had already been assigned to the Dachau field station of Air Research Institute, and in the Schnitzler file note, which is document 264, it says: Rascher's assignment to Dachau must be immediately changed to an assignment to Air Research Institute Berlin-Adlershof, Dachau Field Station. In parenthesis: In Weltz' instit... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,109,600 | 2,110,100 |
PRESIDENT:Are there no further questions to the witness? DR. TIPP:Dr. Tipp for Becker Freysing. THE PRESIDENT:The re-examination of this witness at this time must be limited to matters which were elicited from the witness, statements which he made on cross examination. DR. TIPP:Very well, Mr. President, I will out only... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,110,050 | 2,110,550 |
Luftgau pathologist, Dr. Singer. The prosecutor said yesterday in cross-examination that from the documents it could be seen that Dr. Singer refused to collabchecked through the documents and I can find no such document. Since you were interrogated yesterday about this document, I want to ask you whether you know what ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,110,500 | 2,111,000 |
make a statement of this question. The witness Wendt was here, having turned up on the 24th of April. Now the interrogations of Ruff and Romberg took longer than we had expected. Wendt is a doctor, an x-ray man, in Karlsruhe, and Weltz' previous assistant. I consequently released him after taking a long affidavit from ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,110,950 | 2,111,450 |
I read from page 1 of the document, a sentence from paragraph 4: "At the out-break of the war I removed my residence to Munich, as I had a sound reason for making a timely escape from persecution by the Gestapo. I was, therefore, glad to meet immediately with a good reception at the "Research Institute of Aviation Medi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,111,400 | 2,111,900 |
explain this. Dr. Amann was a collaborator of Pichotka's, and his testimony is to the same effect. The next documents are affidavits by former female assistants in Holtz's aviation medical institute. I offer them as Holtz Documents 8, Exhibit No.- THE PRESIDENT:What exhibit number do you assign Weltz Document 8? DR. WI... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,111,850 | 2,112,350 |
a precedent. I merely want to reserve the right to object to the introduction of documents of this type in the future. THE PRESIDENT:Your stipulation will be without prejudice. DR. WILLE:MR. President, in conclusion of my case, I might now put in the certificate of authenticity regarding the Milch record, which I have ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,112,300 | 2,112,800 |
with his participation in the euthanasia program, and his attitude towards the euthanasia program. I ask the permission of the High Tribunal to submit the evidence according to this plan. THE PRESIDENT:Now counsel may proceed, using his evidence according to the plan he has outlined. DR. FROESCHMANN:Thank You. MR. HARD... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,112,750 | 2,113,250 |
Bouhler asked me to attend a conference in Berlin, and at the same time made the suggestion to me to enter into his sphere of activity. QWhat were you to do there? What was your task to be there? AAt that time he was the President of the Party Commission fcr the Protection of National Socialistic Literature, and he wan... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,113,200 | 2,113,700 |
from Hitler to re-organize the educational literature. The practical execution of that work was transferred to me. QYou just used the expression "chief of staff". In the course of time evidence, this word "chief of staff" will play a certain role. Will you please explain to the Tribunal what at that time in Germany was... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,113,650 | 2,114,150 |
Reichsleiter Bouhler. You know that Reichsleiter Bouhler was alone the responsible person to execute euthanasia, and I am of the opinion that if Bouhler were will living, Bouhler would be sitting in the dock and not Brack. That is my opinion and not yours. I may assume, however, that considering the close relationship ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,114,100 | 2,114,600 |
the end of 1934, in order to create a new office to take care of Hitler's personal affairs, with the task - THE PRESIDENT:Counsel, I understood that you desired this witness to give a brief characterization of Bouhler. If he will proceed to that subject and in a few words give a statement on Bouhler, the Tribunal would... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,114,550 | 2,115,050 |
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