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up by force, but succeeded twice to escape from the collecting camp, or when being on transport. Before the second arrest, the fathers of both of the men were taken into custody, to be kept as hostages and to be released only when their sons would show up. When, after the second escape, re-arrest of both the fathers an... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 5,400 | 5,900 |
always to refrain from using force. During a conference with the Chief of the Labor Commitment Staffs, an agreement was reached stating that whatever prisoners can be released, they should be put at the disposal of the Commissioner of the Labor Office. When searching (Uberholung) villages, resp., when it has become nec... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 5,850 | 6,350 |
of families, was applied in the Occupied Eastern Territories after Rosenberg's approval of a plan for the apprehension and deportation of 40,000 to 50,000 youths of the ages from 10 to 14. The stated purpose of this plan, approved by Rosenberg, was to prevent a reinforcement of the enemy's military strength and to redu... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 6,300 | 6,800 |
the Higher SS and Police Fuehrer, a number of natives, but I still have to ask the Munitions Ministry for arms for the use of these men. For during the last year alone several dozens of very able labor executive officers have been shot dead. All these means I have to apply, grotesque as it sounds, to refute the allegat... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 6,750 | 7,250 |
"The people thus seized were put ot work partly in the Netherlands, partly in Germany * * *." (1726-PS) A document found in the OKH files furnishes further evidence of the seizure of workers in Holland. This document contains the partial text of a lecture delivered by a Lieutenant Haupt of the German Wehrmacht concerni... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 7,200 | 7,700 |
a change in status from prisoners to civilian workers. A figure of 2,070,000 Russians uncovered in the American, British and French zones, given in 'Displaced Persons Report No. 43,' of the Combined Displaced Persons' Executive, c/o G-5 Division, USFET, 30 September 1945, was increased by 430,000 to allow for Russians ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 7,650 | 8,150 |
by claiming that all that is done in the name of the German Armed Forces. In reality the latter have conducted themselves throughout in a highly understanding manner toward the skilled workers and the Ukrainian population. The same, however, can not be said of some of the administrative agencies. To illustrate this be ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 8,100 | 8,600 |
the effect of those persons shipped back from Germany for having become disabled or not having been fit for labor commitment from the very workers on their way to Germany have crossed returning transports of such disabled persons and have stood on the tracks alongside of each other for a longer period of time. Those re... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 8,550 | 9,050 |
car, dying people lay in freight cars without straw, and one of the dead was thrown on the railway embankment. The same must have occurred in other returning transports." (084-PS) Some aspects of Nazi transport were described by Sauckel himself in a decree which he issued on 20 July 1942, (2241-PS). The original decree... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 9,000 | 9,500 |
to foreign workers by stating: "It is therefore not possible to exploit fully all the foreigners unless we compel them by piece-work or we have the possibility of taking measures against foreigners who are not dong their bit." (R-124) The policy as actually executed was even more Draconian than the policy as planned by... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 9,450 | 9,950 |
fact, received the minimum which was prescribed. Subsequently, in 1943, when I undertook to inspect the food prepared by the cooks, I discovered a number of instances in which food was withheld from the workers. "The plan for food distribution called for a small quantity of meat per week. Only inferior meats, rejected ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 9,900 | 10,400 |
carrier of this disease, together with countless fleas, bugs and other vermin tortured the inhabitants of these camps. As a result of the filthy conditions of the camps nearly all eastern workers were afflicted with skin disease. The shortage of food also caused many cases of Hunher-Oedem, Nephritis, and Shighakruse. "... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 10,350 | 10,850 |
sick to work or were completely disabled they were returned to the Labour Exchange in Essen and from there, they were sent to a camp at Friedrichsfeld. Among persons who were returned over to the Labour Exchange were aggravated cases of tuberculosis, malaria, neurosis, career which could not be treated by operation, ol... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 10,800 | 11,300 |
of food which does not take into considerations the needs of children. Proper medical treatment or care for the sick are not available in the mass camps. * * *" "In addition to these bad conditions, there is lack of systematic occupation for and supervision of these hosts of children which affects the life of prolific ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 11,250 | 11,750 |
for workers imported from the conquered Eastern territories. They lived in bondage, were quartered in stables with animals, and were denied the right of worship and the pleasures of human society. A document entitled "Directives on the Treatment of Foreign Farmworkers of Polish Nationality", issued by the Minister for ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 11,700 | 12,200 |
wants to visit a public agency on his own, whether it is a labor office or the District Peasants Association or whether he wants to change his place of employment. "11. Arbitrary change of employment is strictly prohibited. The farmworkers of Polish nationality have to work daily so long as the interests of the enterpr... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 12,150 | 12,650 |
take care of domestic tasks. As a reward for good work, however, they may be given the opportunity to stay outside the home without work for 3 hours once a week. This leave must end with the on set of darkness, at the latest at 2000 hours. It is prohibited to enter restaurants, movies, or other theatres and similar est... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 12,600 | 13,100 |
It should not take place in the immediate vicinity of the camp. A certain number of manpower from the original Soviet Russian territory should attend the special treatment; at that time they are warned about the circumstances which led to this special treatment. "(6) Should special treatment be required within the camp... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 13,050 | 13,550 |
Commissioner for the Four Year Plan. "Section III (Wages) and Section V (Utilization of labor) of the Reich Labor Ministry, together with their subordinate authorities, will be placed at the disposal of the Plenipotentiary, General for the accomplishment of his task." (1666-PS) Sauckel's success can be gauged from a le... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 13,500 | 14,000 |
Sauckel wrote: "* * * In addition to the labor allotted to the total German economy by the Arbeitseinsatz since I took office, the Organization Todt was supplied with new labor continually. "Thus, the Arbeitseinsatz has done everything to help make possible the completion of the Atlantic Wall." (407-VIII-PS) Similarly,... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 13,950 | 14,450 |
similar policy was followed with respect to Russian prisoners of war. In a secret memorandum issued from Hitler's headquarters on 31 October 1942, Keitel directed the execution of Hitler's order to use such prisoners in the German war economy (EC-194): "The lack of workers is becoming an increasingly dangerous hindranc... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 14,400 | 14,900 |
necessary for direction. For employment in the Interior and the Protectorate the following are to have priority: "a. At the top coal mining industry. "Order by the Fuehrer to investigate all mines as to suitability for employment of Russians. At times manning the entire plant with Russian laborers. "b. Transportation (... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 14,850 | 15,350 |
the greatest part skilled men." (R-124) Sauckel, who was appointed Plenipotentiary General for the utilization of labor for the express purpose, among others, of integrating prisoners of war into the German war industry, made it plain that prisoners of war were to be compelled to serve the German armament industry. His... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 15,300 | 15,800 |
camp commander alone is responsible for the employment of the labor available. This employment must be, in the true meaning of the word, exhaustive, in order to obtain the greatest measure of performance. Work is allotted by the Chief of the Department D centrally and alone. The camp-commanders themselves may not accep... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 15,750 | 16,250 |
it was agreed that the prisoners were to be exploited in factories under Speer's control. to compensate Himmler for surrendering this jurisdiction to Speer, Speer proposed, and Hitler agreed, that Himmler would receive a share of the armaments output, fixed in relation to the man hours contributed by his prisoners. The... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 16,200 | 16,700 |
Himmler ordered on 17 December 1942 that at least 35,000 prisoners qualified for work should be transferred immediately to concentration camps, (1063-D-PS). The order provided that: "For reasons of war necessity not to be discussed further here, the Reichsfuehrer SS and Chief of the German Police on 14 December 1942 ha... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 16,650 | 17,150 |
this kind concentration camp (KZ-) convicts can be especially well concentrated at work and in the camp." (1584-I-PS) Speer subsequently assumed responsibility for this program, and Hitler promised Speer that if the necessary labor for the program could not be obtained, a hundred thousand Hungarian Jews would be brough... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 17,100 | 17,600 |
lack of adequate sustenance, lice and vermin multiplied, disease became rampant, and those who did not soon die of disease or torture began the long, slow process of starvation. Notwithstanding the deliberate starvation program inflicted upon these prisoners by lack of adequate food, we found no evidence, that the peop... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 17,550 | 18,050 |
2. Member of Reichstag (Mitglied des Reichstags) (1933-1945). 3. Gauleiter of Thuringia (1927-1945). 4. Member of Thuringian legislature (Landtag) 1927-1933/34). 5. Minister of Interior and head of Thuringian State Ministry (May 1933). 6. Reichsstatthalter for Thuringia (1933-1945). 7. SA Obergruppenfuehrer (November 1... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 18,000 | 18,500 |
necessary measures for the enforcement of my decree referring to a Deputy General for the Arbeitseinsatz of 21 March 1942 (Reichsgesetzblatt, I, page 179) according to his own judgment in the Greater German Reich, in the Protectorate, and in the Government General (General-government) as well as in the occupied territo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 18,450 | 18,950 |
must, under all circumstances, be resorted to. This is an indisputable requirement of our labor situation." (3044-PS) Sauckel provided also for the allocation of foreign labor in the order of its importance to the Nazi war machine. Sauckel's regulation No. 10 of 22 August 1942 had these aims: "* * * 3. The resources of... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 18,900 | 19,400 |
from Occupied Countries, or how many can still be gained in the Reich by suitable means (increased output)? For one thing, it is this matter of making up for losses by death, infirmity, the constant fluctuation of workers, and so forth, and further it is a matter of procuring additional workers.' "The Plenipotentiary f... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 19,350 | 19,850 |
Eastern territories, informed Keitel that prompt action was required; and that, as in all other occupied countries, pressure had to be used if other measures were not successful (3012-PS). Finally, Sauckel was informed by Rosenberg that the enslavement of foreign labor was achieved by force and brutality (018-PS). Notw... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 19,800 | 20,300 |
Reich Food administration in the case of agricultural workers. "The German Labor Front and the German Food Administration are bound by my directives in the carrying out of their tasks of caring for the workers. "The agencies of the labor mobilization administration are to give far-reaching support to the German Labor F... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 20,250 | 20,750 |
"3. The central inspection for the care of foreign workers will be continuously in touch with the main office VI of the Plenipotentiary General for the Arbeitseinsatz. It will instruct the office on the general observations made and will make suggestions for changes, if that should become necessary. "4. The offices of ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 20,700 | 21,200 |
5,000 workers daily beginning 15 March, 10,000 workers male and female beginning 1 April from the newly occupied territories. "The daily quota of 5,000 (10,000) workers was distributed with the consent of the GBA as follows: Reich Commissioner Ukraine daily 3,000 (6,000) workers. Wl Jn South daily 1,000 (2,000) workers... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 21,150 | 21,650 |
not being far-reaching. That has nothing to do with it. You were given quotas for the areas over which you had jurisdiction, and it was up to you to meet that quota? "A. Yes; it was the responsibility of the administrative officials to receive this quota and to distribute the allotments over the districts in such a way... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 21,600 | 22,100 |
as follows: "The Plenipotentiary for Employment of Labor, Sauckel, declared that he will attempt with fanatical determination to obtain these workers. Until now, he has always kept his promises as to the number of workers to be furnished. With the best of intentions, however, he is unable to make a definite promise for... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 22,050 | 22,550 |
labor. In an interrogation under oath on 22nd September 1945, Sauckel stated: "The others I only got whatever was left. Because Speer told me once in the presence of the Fuehrer that I am here to work for Speer and that mainly I am his man." (3721-PS) Speer has admitted under oath that he participated in the discussion... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 22,500 | 23,000 |
Yes. "Q. So that, simply by way of illustration, suppose that on January 1, 1944 you required 50,000 workers for a given purpose, would you put in a requisition for 50,000 workers, knowing that in that 50,000 there would be forced foreign workers? "A. Yes." (3720-PS) Speer has furthermore stated under oath that he knew... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 22,950 | 23,450 |
slave laborers in Germany, Speer formulated requirements for the foreign workers and requested their allocation to industries subject to his control. At another meeting of the Central Planning Board, Speer stated: "Speer: Now, the labor problem in Germany. I believe it is still possible to transfer some from the wester... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 23,400 | 23,900 |
the production of armaments and munitions, but also in direct military operations, against their own country and its actively resisting allies. Speer, as Chief of the Organization Todt, is accountable for its policies which were in direct conflict with the laws of war. The Organization Todt, in violation of the laws of... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 23,850 | 24,350 |
convicts. But they have to return to the factories where they were before * * *." (R-124) Speer is also guilty of having approved and sponsored the program for using concentration camp labor in Nazi armament factories, which was part of the larger program of extermination through work. The proof of this activity may be... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 24,300 | 24,800 |
"Q. Did you ever discuss it with any of the members of the Krupp first? "A. I cannot say that exactly, but during the time of my activities I visited the Krupp factory more than once and it is certain that this was discussed, that is, the lack of manpower." (3720-PS) LEGAL REFERENCES AND LIST OF DOCUMENTS RELATING TO T... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 24,750 | 25,250 |
25 October 1942, concerning conditions in Russia. (USA 185)....III 242 *407-II-PS Letter from Sauckel to Hitler, 10 March 1943, concerning difficulty in recruiting of workers in former soviet territories. (USA 226).....III 389 *407-V and VI-PS Letter from Sauckel of Hitler, 15 April 1943, concerning labor questions. (U... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 25,200 | 25,700 |
p. 588. (USA 227)......IV 547 *1919-PS Himmler's speech to SS Gruppenfuehrers, 4 October 1943. (USA 170).....IV 558 *2220-PS Lammers report to Himmler, 12 April 1943, concerning the situation in the Government General. (USA 175).....IV 855 *2233-A-PS Frank Diary, Abteilungsleitersitzungen, 1939-1940. Minutes of confere... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 25,650 | 26,150 |
1945. (USA 202).....VII 2 D-305 Affidavit of Heinrich Buschhauer, 5 October 1945......VII 13 *D-316 Memorandum to Mr. Hupe, 14 March 1942, concerning employment of Russians. (USA 201).....VII 20 *EC-68 Confidential letter from Minister of Finance and Economy, Baden, containing directives on treatment of Polish Farm wor... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter X - The Slave Labor Program, The Illegal Use of Prisoners of War | 26,100 | 26,418 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume 1 Chapter XI - The Concentrati... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 0 | 500 |
were directed at those whom the Nazis considered "Communists" and "Social Democrats". At page 89 of this book he stated: "We had to deal ruthlessly with these enemies of the State. It must not be forgotten that at the moment of our seizure of power over 6 million people officially voted for Communism and about 8 millio... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 450 | 950 |
period prior to 1933, the Nazis considered crimes and terrorism a necessary and desirable weapon in overcoming democratic opposition * * *" "* * * (e). That the Nazis had already conceived the device of the concentration camp as a means of suppressing and regimenting opposition elements was forcefully brought to my att... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 900 | 1,400 |
of a Bibelforscher from arrest is received from the authorities carrying out the sentence, my decision regarding the ordering of measures by the State Police, will be asked for in accordance with my circular decree dated 22.4.37, so that transfer to a concentration camp can take place immediately after the sentence has... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 1,350 | 1,850 |
the course of the events of this night the employment of officials used for this purpose would be possible, in all districts as many Jews, especially rich ones, are to be arrested as can be accommodated in the existing prisons. For the time being only healthy men not too old are to be arrested. Upon their arrest, the a... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 1,800 | 2,300 |
Germany. I should like to quote the body of this communication: "In connection with the increase in the transfer of labor to the concentration camps, ordered to be completed by 30 January 1943, the following procedure may be applied in the Jewish section. "1. Total number: 45,000 Jews. "2. Start of transportation: 11 J... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 2,250 | 2,750 |
possible to utilize such methods.'" "Commanders of the death-camps gassed only on direct or indirect instructions of Eichmann. The particular officer of IV.B. who directed the deportations from some particular country had the authority to indicate whether the train should go to a death camp or not, and what should happ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 2,700 | 3,200 |
to all officers of the State Police, signed by Mueller, Chief of the Gestapo, dated 9 November 1941, discusses the "Transportation of Russian Prisoners of War, Destined for Execution, into the Concentration Camps." (1165-PS). This memorandum states in part: "The commandants of the concentration camps are complaining th... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 3,150 | 3,650 |
except British and American prisoners of war, is to be turned over to the chief of the Security Police and of the Security service under the classification "Step III, regardless of whether the escape occurred during a transport, whether it was a mass escape or an individual one. "2, Since the transfer of the prisoners ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 3,600 | 4,100 |
Flossenburg, 1939, 1,600 prisoners, today 4,700. f Ravensbrueck, 1939, 2,500 prisoners, today 7,500. "2.In the years 1940 to 1942 nine further camps were erected, viz.: a. Auschwitz. (Poland) b. Neuengamme c. Gusen (Austria) d. Natzweiler (France) e. Gross-Rosen f. Lublin (Poland) g. Niederhagen h. Stutthof (near Danzi... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 4,050 | 4,550 |
1 October 1933 by the Camp Commander of Dachau prescribes a program of floggings, solitary confinement, and executions for the inmates for infractions of the rules. (778-PS). Among the rules were those prescribing a rigid censorship concerning conditions within the camp: "By virtue of the law on revolutionaries, the fo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 4,500 | 5,000 |
flogging in addition to detention in a concentration camp. Orders of this kind will, in future, also be transmitted to the State Police District Office concerned. In this case too, there is no objection to spreading the rumor of this increased punishment as laid down in Section 3, paragraph 3, in so far as this appears... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 4,950 | 5,450 |
of poison and shooting in the neck were everyday occurrences. epidemics of typhus and spotted fever were permitted to run rampant as a means of eliminating prisoners. life in this camp meant nothing, killing became a common thing, so common that a quick death was welcomed by the unfortunate ones." "One Christmas 1944 a... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 5,400 | 5,900 |
fortress on top of a mountain flanked by small barracks. "Mauthausen, in addition to its permanency of construction had facilities for a large garrison of officers and men, and had large dining rooms and toilet facilities for the staff. it was conducted with the sole purpose in mind of exterminating any so-called branc... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 5,850 | 6,350 |
with tattooing on them were ordered to report to the dispensary. No one knew what the purpose was. But after the tattooed prisoners had been examined, the ones with the best and most artistic specimens were kept in the dispensary, and then killed by injections, administered by Karl Beigs, a criminal prisoner. The corps... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 6,300 | 6,800 |
generally meticulous record keepers, the records they kept about concentration camps appear to have been incomplete. Occasionally there is a death book, or a set of index cards, but for the most part, the victims apparently faded into an unrecorded death. The scale of the concentration camp operations in suggested by a... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 6,750 | 7,250 |
seeking work of their friends and relatives who vanished into the Nazi concentration camps and left no trace behind. This fact is emphasized by the 23 November 1945 issue of the weekly newspaper, "Aufbau", published in the German language in New York City. On the back pages-8, 9, 10 and 11-are published both notices re... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 7,200 | 7,700 |
Reich or occupying forces in the occupied territories......III 600 *1063-A-PS Order of Chief of SIPO and SD. 2 January 1941, concerning classification of concentration camps. (USA 492).....III 775 *1063-B-PS Letter signed by Kaltenbrunner, 26 July 1943, concerning establishment of Labor Reformatory camps. (USA 492)....... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 7,650 | 8,150 |
1943, concerning beating of female prisoners.......IV 842 *2189-PS Orders from Department D of Economic and Administrative Main Office, 11 August 1942, concerning punishment by beating. (USA 460)......IV 842 2222-PS Report of investigation of Buchenwald Concentration Camp, by Judge Advocate Section, Third United States... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 8,100 | 8,600 |
against Weiss and others tried by U. S. Military Court at Dachau. (USA 664).....VI 288 *3601-PS Affidavit of Sidney Mendel, 28 December 1945, concerning the connection of Frick's Ministry of Interior with concentration camps. (GB 324).....VI 313 *3751-PS Diary of the German Minister of Justice, 1935 concerning prosecut... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 8,550 | 9,050 |
179).....VIII 146 *R-129 Letter and enclosure from Pohl to Himmler, 30 April 1942, concerning concentration camps. (USA 217).....VIII 198 Chapter X Contents Chapter XII Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 169... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XI - The Concentration Camps | 9,000 | 9,111 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume 1 Chapter XII - The Persecutio... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 0 | 500 |
The right to determine matters concerning administration and law belongs only to the citizen; therefore, we demand that every public office of any sort whatsoever, whether in the Reich the country or municipality, be filled only by citizens." (1708-PS) Hitler, at page 724 and 725 of Mein Kampf, spoke of the Jew. If the... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 450 | 950 |
head empties a few drops of the fresh and powdered blood into the glass, wets the fingers of the left hand with it and sprays, blesses, with it everything on the table. The head of the family then says, Thus we ask God to send the ten plagues to all enemies of the Jewish faith." Then they eat, and at the end the head... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 900 | 1,400 |
page 661). They were excluded from farming (1933 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, page 685). In 1938 they were excluded from business in general and from the economic life of Germany (1938 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, page 1580, signed by Goering). The Jews were also forced to pay discriminatory taxes and huge atonement fines.... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 1,350 | 1,850 |
occurrence was contained in an official dispatch from the American Consul General in Leipzig, dated 5 April, 1943, which stated: "In Dresden several weeks ago uniformed Nazis raided the Jewish prayer house, interrupted the evening religious service, arrested 25 worshippers, and tore the holy insignia or emblems from th... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 1,800 | 2,300 |
only when there is no danger of fire to the surroundings.) "b. Business and private apartments of Jews may be destroyed but not looted. The police is instructed to supervise the execution of this order and to arrest looters." (3051-PS) 4.THE PROGRAM FOR THE COMPLETE ELIMINATION OF JEWRY At this point the gradual and mo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 2,250 | 2,750 |
September, 1940); in Holland (Verordnungsblatt, No. 16, 10 January, 1941, signed by Seyss-Inquart). B. Segregation into Ghettos The second step was to segregate and concentrate the Jews within restricted areas, called ghettos. This policy was carefully worked out, as is illustrated by the confidential statement taken f... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 2,700 | 3,200 |
culture." (3048-PS) One of the largest ghettos was within the city of Warsaw. The official report made by SS Major General Stroop concerning this ghetto is entitled "The Warsaw Ghetto Is No More." (1061-PS) The report thus describes the ghetto: "The Ghetto thus established in Warsaw was inhabited by about 400,000 Jews.... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 3,150 | 3,650 |
Thus we succeeded to destroy this plagueboil, losing thereby only one officer. Almost the same conditions were found in Rohatyn * * *." "Since we received more and more alarming reports on the Jews becoming armed in an ever increasing manner, we started during the last fortnight in June 1943 an action throughout the wh... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 3,600 | 4,100 |
the Occupied Eastern Territories a department which, among other things, was to seek a solution for the Jewish problem by means of forced labor. His plans, contained in a memorandum entitled "General organizations and Tasks of our Office for the General Handling of Problems in the Eastern Territory." and dated 29 April... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 4,050 | 4,550 |
Jews were marked by the Star of David, as well as when they were registered by the labor agencies, the first symptoms appeared in their attempts to dodge the order of the authorities. The measures which were introduced thereupon led to thousands of arrests. It became more and more apparent that the civil administration... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 4,500 | 5,000 |
The following scenes are representative: Scene 2: A naked girl running across the courtyard. Scene 3: An older woman being pushed past the camera, and a man in SS uniform standing at the right of the scene. Scene 5: A man with a skull cap and a woman are manhandled. Scene 14: A half-naked woman runs through the crowd. ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 4,950 | 5,450 |
the East. A great discussion concerning that question will take place in Berlin in January, to which I am going to delegate the State Secretary Dr. Buehler. That discussion is to take place in the Reich Security Main Office with SS-Lt. General Heydrich. A great Jewish migration will begin, in any case. "But what should... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 5,400 | 5,900 |
chances of procurement are so limited that it is not practical to procure any more. Therefore, I beg the Fuehrer to permit the seizure of all Jewish home furnishings of Jews in Paris, who have fled or will leave shortly, and that of Jews living in all part of the occupied West, to relieve the shortage of furnishings in... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 5,850 | 6,350 |
cards issued uniformly throughout the Reich but on local supply certificates or by special announcement of the nutrition office on extra coupons of the food cards. Jewish children and young people over ten years of age will receive the bread ration of the normal consumer." (1347-PS) "Jews will no longer receive the fol... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 6,300 | 6,800 |
pays tribute to the bravery and heroism of the German forces who participated in the ruthless actions against a defenseless group of Jews numbering, to be exact 56,065-including infants and women. His report relates day-by-day progress in the accomplishment of his mission-to destroy and to obliterate the Warsaw Ghetto.... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 6,750 | 7,250 |
in the center of the former Ghetto, where they could then be pulled out of the sewer holes there. exterminated by blowing up sewers and dugouts. "The longer the resistance lasted the tougher the men of the Waffen SS, police, and Wehrmacht became. They fulfilled their duty indefatigable in faithful comradeship, and stoo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 7,200 | 7,700 |
buildings, trying to escape the flames. Masses of them-entire families-were already aflame and jumped from the windows or endeavored to let themselves down by means of sheets tied together or the like. Steps had been taken so that these Jews as well as the remaining ones were liquidated at once." "When the blocks of bu... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 7,650 | 8,150 |
former Ghetto during large-scale operation. 6,929 Jews were destroyed by transporting them to T.II [believed to be Treblinka Camp No. 2].The sum total of Jews destroyed is therefore 13,929. Beyond the number of 56,065 an estimated number of 5 to 6,000 Jews were destroyed by being blown up or by perishing in the flames.... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 8,100 | 8,600 |
is only a question now whether the van can only be used standing at the place of execution. First the van has to be brought to that place, which is possible only in good weather. The place of execution is usually 10 to 15 km away from the highways and is difficult of access because of its location; in damp or wet weath... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 8,550 | 9,050 |
I request orders be issued accordingly. "The application of gas usually is not undertaken correctly. In order to come to an end as fast as possible, the driver presses the accelerator to the fullest extent. By doing that the persons to be executed suffer death from suffocation and not death by dozing off as was planned... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 9,000 | 9,500 |
population. This method is not worthy of the German cause and hurts our reputation severely." (R-135) Gunther, the prison warden at Minsk, in a letter dated 31 May 1943, addressed to the General Commissioner for White Ruthenia, was critical by implication. This letter, entitled, "Action Against Jews," reads: "On 13 Apr... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 9,450 | 9,950 |
of Jews exceeding fifty percent. only the rich Jews had fled from the German troops. The majority of Jews remained under German administration. The latter found the problem more complicated through the fact that these Jews represented almost the entire trade and even a part of the manpower in small and medium industrie... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 9,900 | 10,400 |
"(f) Brutalizing effect on the formations which carry out the execution- regular police." (2257-PS) Lest it be thought that these conditions existed only in the East, the official Netherlands government report by the Commissioner for Repatriation as relates similar treatment of the Jews in the West (1726-PS). The Germa... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 10,350 | 10,850 |
other means. The part which the concentration camps played in the annihilation of the Jewish people is indicated in an official Polish report on Auschwitz Concentration Camp (l-161). In Auschwitz during July 1944 Jews were killed at the rate of 12,000 daily: "* * * During July 1944, they were being liquidated at the ra... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 10,800 | 11,300 |
forward and stumbled over them. Small children were simply thrown inside. After being filled up to capacity the chambers were hermetically closed and steam was let in. In a few minutes all was over. The Jewish menial workers had to remove the bodies from the platform and to bury them in mass graves. By and by, as new t... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 11,250 | 11,750 |
in addition to that he had been ordered by Himmler to get a hold of the jews in all the European countries and to transport them to Germany. Eichmann was then very much impressed with the fact that Rumania had withdrawn from the war in those days. moreover, he had come to me to get information about the military situat... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 11,700 | 12,200 |
January 1939, enclosing order of 28 December 1938, concerning decisions on Jewish question. (USA 589).......III 116 078-PS Regulations issued by Heydrich, 28 June 1941, for treatment of political prisoners of war......III 123 *136-PS Certified copy of Hitler Order, 29 January 1940, concerning establishment of "Hohe Sch... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 12,150 | 12,650 |
Tribunal established according to Agreement of four Great Powers of 8 August 1945. (USA 91).....III 656 1012-PS Teletype from OKH to Military Commander of France, 3 February 1942, concerning consultation of Hitler and Keitel about shooting of Jews and Communists.....III 664 1015-B-PS Report on activities of Special Sta... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 12,600 | 13,100 |
680).......IV 586 2000-PS Law for protection of German Blood and German honor, 15 September 1935. 1935 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, No. 100, p. 1146.....IV 636 *2124-PS Decree introducing the Nurnberg Racial Laws into Austria, 20 May 1938. 1938 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, p. 594. (GB 259)......IV 755 *2153-PS Defeat the E... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 13,050 | 13,550 |
the Governor General for Occupied Polish Territory, 1939, p. 61.....V 368 2673-PS Extract from "The Archive", No. 90, 30 October 1941, p. 495.....V 369 2682-PS Excerpts from Voelkischer Beobachter concerning restriction against Jews, 5 December 1938, NO. 339, p.5 V 369 2683-PS Universities barred for Jews, published in... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 13,500 | 14,000 |
against Hans Frank, submitted by Polish Government to International Military Tribunal. (USA 293).....V 1104 *3319-PS Foreign Office Correspondence and reports on anti-Jewish action in foreign countries. (GB 287).....VI 4 *3358-PS German Foreign Office circular, 31 January 1939, "The Jewish Question as a factor in Germa... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol1): Chapter XII - The Persecution of the Jews | 13,950 | 14,450 |
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