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README.md
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---
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license: apache-2.0
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tags:
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- sparse-autoencoder
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- mechanistic-interpretability
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- tool-calling
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- gemma
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- ministral
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- qwen
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- safelens
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- steering-vectors
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- llm-agents
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arxiv: 2605.18882
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---
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# SafeLens SAE Checkpoints
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Pre-trained **TopK Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs)** for diagnosing and correcting intrinsic tool-calling bias in LLM agents, as described in:
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> **To Call or Not to Call: Diagnosing Intrinsic Over-Calling Bias in LLM Agents**
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> Wei Shi, Ziheng Peng, Sihang Li, Xiting Wang, Xiang Wang, Mengnan Du, Na Zou
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> [arXiv:2605.18882](https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.18882)
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---
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## What are these checkpoints?
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Each checkpoint is a **TopK SAE** trained on residual stream activations at a specific layer of a base LLM. The SAE learns a sparse dictionary of features, among which we identify features encoding the "tool-call" vs. "request-for-info" decision boundary. These features are then used for:
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- **H1 — Feature discovery**: isolating tool-call-aligned features via mean-diff & AUROC
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- **H2 — Bias quantification**: fitting a logistic probe to measure intrinsic call offset β₀
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- **H3 — Causal steering**: suppressing TC features / promoting RFI features to shift model decisions
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- **AMCS** (Adaptive Margin-Calibrated Steering): closed-form inference-time bias correction
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---
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## Available Checkpoints
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| Model | Layer | SAE Dict Size | k | Stage 1 Tokens | Stage 2 Tokens |
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|-------|-------|--------------|---|----------------|----------------|
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| gemma-3-1b-it | L17 | 9 216 | 128 | 50M | 5M |
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| gemma-3-4b-it | L29 | 20 480 | 128 | 50M | 5M |
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| gemma-4-E2B-it | L30 | 12 288 | 128 | 50M | 5M |
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| gemma-4-E4B-it | L30 | 20 480 | 128 | 50M | 5M |
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| Ministral-3-3B-Instruct-2512 | L21 | 24 576 | 128 | 50M | 5M |
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| Ministral-3-8B-Instruct-2512 | L31 | 32 768 | 128 | 50M | 5M |
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| Qwen3.5-4B | L25 | 20 480 | 128 | 50M | 5M |
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| Qwen3.5-9B | L25 | 32 768 | 128 | 50M | 5M |
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**Stage 1**: General-purpose SAE pre-training on 50M tokens from the base model's residual stream.
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**Stage 2**: Fine-tuned on 5M tool-calling-specific activations (When2Call benchmark data).
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All checkpoints use `bfloat16` precision.
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---
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## File Structure
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```
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gemma-3-1b-it/
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stage1/
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gemma-3-1b-it-L17-d9216-50M-stage1.pt
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gemma-3-1b-it-L17-d9216-50M-stage1_stats.json
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stage2/
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gemma-3-1b-it-L17-d9216-5M-stage2.pt
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gemma-3-1b-it-L17-d9216-5M-stage2_stats.json
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...
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```
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---
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## Usage
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### Load a checkpoint
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```python
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import torch
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from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
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# Download a checkpoint
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ckpt_path = hf_hub_download(
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repo_id="SKwra/toolcalling-sae",
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filename="gemma-3-1b-it/stage2/gemma-3-1b-it-L17-d9216-5M-stage2.pt"
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)
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# Load (requires sae_model.py from the GitHub repo)
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from sae_model import TopKSAE
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sae = TopKSAE.load(ckpt_path, device="cuda")
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```
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### Encode activations
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```python
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# activations: [batch, input_dim] residual stream tensor at the target layer
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latents = sae.encode(activations) # [batch, dict_size] sparse activations
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reconstruction = sae.decode(latents) # [batch, input_dim]
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```
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### Steer a feature
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```python
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# Suppress feature 42 by 80% (strength=0.2 → nearly zero out)
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steered = sae.steer(activations, feature_idx=42, strength=0.2)
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```
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### SAEConfig fields
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```python
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@dataclass
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class SAEConfig:
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input_dim: int # residual stream width of the base model
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dict_size: int # SAE dictionary size
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k: int = 128 # TopK sparsity
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device: str = "cuda"
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dtype: str = "bfloat16"
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```
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---
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## Citation
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```bibtex
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@article{shi2025call,
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title={To Call or Not to Call: Diagnosing Intrinsic Over-Calling Bias in LLM Agents},
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author={Shi, Wei and Peng, Ziheng and Li, Sihang and Wang, Xiting and Wang, Xiang and Du, Mengnan and Zou, Na},
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.18882},
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year={2025}
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}
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```
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---
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## License
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Apache 2.0. See [LICENSE](https://github.com/your-repo/blob/main/LICENSE) for details.
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